THE GOLDEN AGE OF MEDIEVAL CHRISTIANITY: 13th Century

THE GOLDEN AGE OF MEDIEVAL CHRISTIANITY: 13th Century

 

1. Mendicant Orders: Monastic Renewal Movements

* Social and economical background (301-2)

 

* Peter Waldo, the forerunner of the Mendicant orders (302)

 

 

* The Franciscan Movement (302-4)

1) The conversion and devotion of Giovani (St. Francis)

2) The beginning: Becoming the poor for the poor ("order of lesser brothers")

3) Permission by the pope, Innocent III

4) The spirit of humility

5) Missionary efforts for the gentiles (Moslems and Jews) (305-6)

6) Later influences

 

* The Dominican Movement (304-5)

1) The rule of poverty following the Franciscans

2) "The order of preachers" and academic emphasis

3) Missionary efforts for the gentiles (305-6)

4) Later influences

 

 

2. Medieval mysticism

* Medieval mystic spirituality

* Hildegaard of Bingen

* Joachim of Fiore (306)

 

3. The climax of the papal authority: Innocent III (307- 311)

* Innocent III, the most powerful pope in the history of Christianity

 

* His authority over the emperors (308-9)

1) "The temporal power and the spiritual power have both been instituted by God. They are like

the moon and the sun. But just like the moon receives its light from the sun, so does the

emperor receive his power from the pope."

2) In Germany

3) In France

4) In England

5) In Spain

 

* the Fourth Crusades, the most wicked one (310, 297)

* The doctrine of Substantiation at the Fourth Lateran Council (1215)

* "One flock, under one shepherd!" (310)

 

 

4. Theological Activities: Scholaticism

* Origin and background (311, 315-6)

1) The rise of urban centers

2) The rise of the schools (Universities)

3) The rise of the Aristotle's philosophy

 

* Anselm of Canterbury (312-313)

 

* Thomas Aquinas (317-9)

 

* Others

1) Peter Abelard (314)

2) Peter Lombard (315)

3) Bonaventura (316)

4) Albert (316-7)

5. Architecture: "Stone That Bear a Witness" (319-323)